Symptoms of oedema
The accumulation of fluid under the skin causes swelling, often in the lower legs and ankles (known as peripheral oedema).
- skin discolouration
- areas of skin that temporarily hold the imprint of your finger when pressed (known as pitting oedema)
- aching, tender limbs
- stiff joints
- weight gain
Causes of oedema
- pregnancy
- kidney disease
- heart failure
- chronic lung disease
- thyroid disease
- liver disease
- malnutrition
- medication, such as corticosteroids or medicine for high blood pressure (hypertension)
- the contraceptive pill
Immobility and standing for long periods are the 2 most common causes of oedema in the legs.
Other possible causes include:
- a blood clot
- severe varicose veins
- a leg injury or leg surgery
- burns to the skin
Treating oedema
This could involve taking medication or following some advice, such as:
- losing weight (if you’re overweight)
- taking regular exercises, such as walking, swimming or cycling
- raising your legs three to four times a day to improve your circulation
- avoiding standing for long periods of time
If an underlying condition is causing the fluid imbalance, it should clear up after the condition has been diagnosed and treated.