How Is The Lymphatic Fluid Drained?

The fluid is drained along the system by three main mechanisms which operate synergistically. Each has an important role:

  • The Respiratory Pump via Diaphragmatic Breathing
  • The Muscle Pump via Exercise
  • The Lymphatic system via peristalsis in the digestive system/intestines

STAGES OF LYMPHOEDEMA

Lymphoedema can gradually progress through the following stages:

STAGE 0 (LATENT STAGE)

  • A person is at high risk due to a known dysfunction in the lymphatic system
  • No swelling
  • “Normal” tissue consistency

STAGE I (REVERSIBLE)

  • Soft
  • Putty-like
  • Pitting (when you press your finger into the swelling, an indent is left when you remove the pressure)
  • Mild Swelling is markedly or completely reduced by elevating the affected area

STAGE 2 (SPONTANEOUSLY IRREVERSIBLE)

  • May be firm and rubbery (indicating varying degrees of fibrosis)
  • No pitting or mild pitting when pressure is applied
  • Swelling not reduced by elevation
  • May be accompanied by frequent infections

STAGE 3 (LYMPHOSTATIC ELEPHANTIASIS)

  • Extreme increase in volume and size
  • Significant changes to the texture of the skin
  • Skin changes- papillomas, hyperkeratosis and skinfolds
  • * No reduction in swelling with elevation